Common Problems for the Laser Cutting
stainless steel:
(The amount of defocus is adjusted based on the thickness of the plate)
1: The higher the focus is, the brighter the cutting surface is.
The focus is too high, the speed is too slow, and the air pressure is too low, resulting in hard slag hanging on the bottom surface.
3: The rougher the cut surface is, the lower the focus.
4: The soft slag on the bottom surface indicates that the focus is too low, the speed is too fast, the air pressure is too high, and the power is too high.
5: The reason the material cannot be cut through is that the focus is incorrect, the power is insufficient, and the speed is too fast.
Carbon steel:
(The amount of defocus is adjusted based on the thickness of the plate)
The reason for hard slag clinging to the bottom surface is as follows:
1: The focus is too low; 2: the air pressure is too low; 3: the power is insufficient; and 4: the speed is excessive.
The roughness of the cutting surface is due to the following factors:
1: The focus is too sharp; 2: The air pressure is too high; 3: The power is too great; and 4: There is a material problem.
Choosing a cutting nozzle and a lens (cutting parameters)
When cutting carbon steel, the following nozzles and lenses should be used:
1. The selection of a lens:
When cutting 1-8mm carbon steel, use 5 inch lenses.
When cutting 8-10mm carbon steel, use a (7.5 inch) lens.
2. Nozzle selection:
When cutting 1-6mm carbon steel, use (1.4) nozzles.
When cutting 6-10mm carbon steel, use (2.0) nozzles.
The choice of nozzle and lens when cutting stainless steel:
1.Lens selection:
When cutting 1-4mm stainless steel, use a lens with a diameter of 5 inches.
When cutting 4-6mm stainless steel, use the (7.5 inch) lens.
2.The choice of nozzle:
Use (Φ1.5) nozzles when cutting 1-3mm stainless steel.
When cutting (nitrogen pressure) 10㎏-13㎏
Use (Φ2.0) nozzles when cutting 3-4mm stainless steel.
When cutting (nitrogen pressure) 13㎏-15㎏
Use (Φ2.5) nozzles when cutting 5-6mm stainless steel.
When cutting (nitrogen pressure) 14㎏-16㎏
The type and function of the gas used.
Air:
1: Use as cutting gas
2: Used as a cooling cutting head
3: Used as dust removal inside the optical path (protect the lens to extend the use time of the lens)
Ordinary oxygen: used as a gas for cutting carbon steel (combustibility), with a purity of 99.5%
Pure nitrogen: used as a gas for cutting stainless steel (cooling) Purity 99.9% (cutting carbon steel speed is 3/4)
High-purity nitrogen: the gas used as the laser has a purity of 99.999%
High-purity helium: used as a laser gas with a purity of 99.999%
High-purity carbon dioxide: the gas used as the laser has a purity of 99.999%
The size of the cutting hole
(to distinguish between material and thickness)
1. For cutting carbon steel plates within 8mm, the hole diameter should not be less than the thickness of the plate, and for cutting plates within 10mm, the hole diameter should not be less than 1.2 times the thickness of the plate.
2. When cutting stainless steel plates within 4 mm, the hole diameter cannot be smaller than the thickness of the plate, and cutting plates above 4 mm, the hole diameter cannot be less than 1.2 times the thickness of the plate.
3. If the aperture exceeds the above range, use pulse cutting or marking.
Cutting with a pulse
(in comparison to continuous wave cutting)
1. The speed is 30-50 percent of the continuous wave’s speed.
2. The power is greater than that of continuous wave.
3. The air pressure is approximately twice that of the continuous wave. Continuous waves are used in perforation.
Method of perforation
(suitable for carbon steel cutting)
1. Standard perforation: suitable for cutting carbon steel with a thickness of less than 5mm.
2. Progressive perforation: suitable for cutting carbon steel 6-8mm thick. (The corresponding parameter P990012 must be modified.)
3.Powerful perforation: suitable for cutting carbon steel 10-12mm thick (exposed hole method).
The perforation height does not fall below the cutting height, and the perforation air pressure does not fall below 1.0.
The lead-in line’s parameters
(suitable for stainless steel cutting)
1. When cutting 1-3mm stainless steel, only one method is used (cutting a small circle or slowing down).
2. When cutting 3-6mm stainless steel, two methods are used (cutting small circles or slowing down).
3. The air pressure required to cut small circles is 1.5 times greater than the air pressure required to cut larger circles.
exploding hole
1. Insufficient time for piercing
2. Excessive atmospheric pressure
3. Incorrect focus
4. The perforation height is insufficient.
5. Inconsistent pulse frequency
6. Excessive power